White sugar, also known as table sugar or granulated sugar, is a type of sugar that has been refined to remove all molasses, which gives it a pure white color. It's primarily composed of sucrose, a disaccharide made up of glucose and fructose. Here are some key points about white sugar:

1. Production: It’s typically derived from either sugarcane or sugar beets. The sugarcane or beet juice is extracted, purified, and then crystallized to produce white sugar.

2. Uses: White sugar is used in a wide variety of foods and beverages, from baking and cooking to sweetening coffee and tea. It's also used in processed foods and as a preservative in jams and jellies.

3. Nutritional Value: White sugar provides calories but no significant vitamins or minerals. It’s often referred to as “empty calories” because it doesn’t provide any essential nutrients.

4. Health Considerations: Consuming too much white sugar can contribute to various health issues, such as weight gain, obesity, diabetes, and tooth decay. Moderation is key to maintaining a healthy diet.

5. Alternatives: There are many alternatives to white sugar, such as honey, maple syrup, and artificial sweeteners. Each has its own flavor profile and health implications.